SpaceTy \China

SpaceTy was a Chinese commercial aerospace startup founded in 2016 by Yang Feng, aiming to capitalize on China's burgeoning private space industry following regulatory reforms that opened the sector to private capital. The company focused on developing small satellite launch vehicles and satellite manufacturing capabilities, positioning itself as a domestic alternative to state-owned aerospace enterprises. With $120M in funding from Matrix Partners China and others, SpaceTy sought to serve the growing demand for low-cost satellite deployment driven by IoT, Earth observation, and communication constellation needs. The 'why now' was compelling: China's 2014 policy shift allowing private space ventures, declining launch costs globally (SpaceX effect), and explosive growth in satellite applications. SpaceTy attempted to build end-to-end capabilities—from rocket engines to satellite buses—targeting both domestic government contracts and commercial customers. However, the company operated in an extremely capital-intensive, technically complex domain with long development cycles, regulatory dependencies, and fierce competition from both state-backed entities and well-funded private competitors like iSpace and Landspace.

SECTOR Industrials
PRODUCT TYPE Aerospace
TOTAL CASH BURNED $120.0M
FOUNDING YEAR 2016
END YEAR 2025

Discover the reason behind the shutdown and the market before & today

Failure Analysis

Failure Analysis

SpaceTy's failure was a textbook case of capital exhaustion in a deep-tech hardware business with compounding execution risks. The company burned through $120M over...

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Market Analysis

Market Analysis

The global commercial space industry reached $424B in 2023, but launch services represent only $9B (2%) of that total—the real value is in satellite...

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Startup Learnings

Startup Learnings

Capital efficiency is existential in deep tech: SpaceTy's $120M sounds large but is table stakes in aerospace. Modern founders must architect for capital efficiency...

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Market Potential

Market Potential

The global small satellite launch market was projected at $8-12B by 2025, with China representing 20-25% of demand. However, market dynamics shifted dramatically: SpaceX's...

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Difficulty

Difficulty

Aerospace remains one of the most capital-intensive, technically complex industries even with modern tools. While software tooling has improved (CFD simulation via cloud compute,...

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Scalability

Scalability

Launch services have poor unit economics compared to software. Each launch requires physical hardware (rocket), propellant, ground operations teams, range fees, insurance, and has...

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Rebuild & monetization strategy: Resurrect the company

Pivot Concept

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Vertical aerospace-to-AI company: manufacture small Earth observation satellites with onboard AI processing, launch via rideshare partnerships, and sell real-time intelligence-as-a-service to Chinese enterprises and government. The wedge is agricultural monitoring (crop health, yield prediction) for China's $1.2T agriculture sector, expanding into infrastructure monitoring, disaster response, and smart city applications. Unlike SpaceTy's capital-intensive launch focus, Tianyan owns the high-margin application layer—satellites are the sensor network, AI is the product, and we use commercial launch providers (Long March rideshare, iSpace) to avoid $100M+ rocket R&D. The technical moat is onboard edge AI processing (reduce downlink costs 90%, enable real-time alerts) and a proprietary computer vision model trained on Chinese geography. Revenue model: SaaS subscriptions for monitoring dashboards plus API access for developers. This leverages China's strengths (satellite manufacturing supply chain, AI talent, government data partnerships) while avoiding SpaceTy's fatal flaws (launch vehicle R&D hell, regulatory bottlenecks, capital intensity).

Suggested Technologies

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Satellite Bus: Commercial COTS platform (Spacety or DFH satellite bus, $2-3M per unit)Payload: Multispectral imaging sensors (10m resolution, 5 bands) + onboard Nvidia Jetson edge computeAI Stack: PyTorch computer vision models (crop classification, change detection) optimized for edge inferenceGround Segment: AWS China (Beijing region) for data pipeline, S3 for imagery storage, SageMaker for model retrainingFrontend: Next.js dashboard with Mapbox GL for geospatial visualization, real-time WebSocket alertsAPI Layer: FastAPI with PostGIS for spatial queries, Redis for caching, Stripe-equivalent (Alipay/WeChat Pay) for billingLaunch: Rideshare partnerships with CASC Long March, iSpace, or Landspace ($1-1.5M per 100kg satellite)Data Processing: Automated orthorectification pipeline, cloud masking, and AI inference on AWS Lambda equivalent (Alibaba Cloud Function Compute)Compliance: Data encryption at rest/transit, SOC 2 equivalent (China Cybersecurity Level Protection 2.0), government data sharing agreements

Execution Plan

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Phase 1

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Step 1 - Synthetic Data MVP and Pilot Contracts (Months 1-12, $3M burn): Build computer vision models using existing satellite imagery from Planet Labs, Sentinel-2, and Chinese Gaofen satellites. Train crop classification and yield prediction models on historical data from Heilongjiang and Henan provinces (China's breadbaskets). Develop web dashboard with sample imagery and AI insights. Secure 3-5 pilot contracts with agricultural cooperatives and provincial agriculture bureaus ($50-100K each, total $300K revenue) to validate product-market fit. Use pilots to refine model accuracy (target 85%+ crop classification accuracy) and gather requirements for real-time monitoring. Raise $5M seed round from Chinese agtech-focused VCs (Matrix Partners China, ZhenFund, or Sinovation Ventures) based on pilot traction and team pedigree.

Phase 2

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Step 2 - First Satellite Launch via Rideshare (Months 13-24, $8M burn): Procure two 100kg satellites with multispectral sensors and edge AI compute ($5M total including launch). Book rideshare slots on Long March or iSpace missions targeting sun-synchronous orbit (10am/2pm local time for optimal agricultural imaging). Launch satellites and commission ground station network (partner with existing providers like KSAT or Swedish Space Corporation for downlink, $500K/year). Begin daily imaging of 10 million hectares across 5 provinces. Onboard 20 enterprise customers (agricultural insurance companies, commodity traders, provincial governments) at $100-300K annual contracts ($2.5M ARR). Prove unit economics: $250K satellite operational cost per year (amortized capex + ground station fees) supporting $2.5M revenue = 90% gross margin on software layer. Raise $20M Series A from growth-stage VCs based on satellite operational success and ARR traction.

Phase 3

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Step 3 - Constellation Expansion and Vertical Integration (Months 25-48, $25M burn): Launch 6 additional satellites to achieve daily global revisit over China and Southeast Asia (total 8-satellite constellation, $15M capex). Expand use cases beyond agriculture: infrastructure monitoring for Belt and Road projects (pipeline monitoring, construction progress tracking), disaster response for emergency management bureaus (flood mapping, earthquake damage assessment), and smart city applications (urban heat island monitoring, traffic pattern analysis). Build developer API platform allowing third-party apps to access imagery and AI insights (usage-based pricing, $0.10 per API call). Reach $15M ARR across 100+ enterprise customers and 500+ API developers. Establish partnerships with Chinese tech giants (Alibaba Cloud, Tencent) for data marketplace distribution. Achieve operational profitability on software revenue (70% gross margin, $10M gross profit covers $8M opex). Raise $50M Series B for international expansion and advanced AI capabilities.

Phase 4

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Step 4 - Moat Building and Strategic Positioning (Months 49-60, $30M burn): Develop proprietary hyperspectral sensors and onboard AI chips (partner with Chinese semiconductor firms like Cambricon or Horizon Robotics) to create 10x cost advantage over Western competitors. Launch 12 additional satellites with advanced sensors for specialized applications (methane leak detection for energy sector, ocean monitoring for fisheries, forest health for carbon credit verification). Expand to Southeast Asia, Africa, and Latin America markets via Belt and Road partnerships. Build data moat: 3+ years of continuous imagery creates proprietary training datasets for AI models that competitors cannot replicate. Establish government partnerships for national security applications (border monitoring, maritime domain awareness) providing regulatory protection and anchor revenue. Reach $50M ARR with path to $100M within 24 months. Position for strategic exit to Chinese tech giant (Alibaba, Tencent, Baidu) seeking space-based data infrastructure, or IPO on Shanghai STAR Market (China's NASDAQ equivalent for tech companies). The endgame is owning the 'eyes in the sky' data layer for China's digital economy, with satellites as the sensor network and AI as the intelligence engine—a $1B+ outcome leveraging aerospace as an enabler, not the primary business.

Monetization Strategy

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Three-tier revenue model optimized for Chinese market dynamics and high gross margins. Tier 1 - Enterprise SaaS Subscriptions (60% of revenue, 85% gross margin): Annual contracts with agricultural enterprises (insurance companies like PICC, commodity traders, large farms), infrastructure operators (state-owned construction firms, energy companies), and government agencies (provincial agriculture bureaus, emergency management departments, natural resources ministries). Pricing: $100K-500K per year based on monitoring area and feature access. Includes daily imagery updates, AI-powered alerts (crop stress detection, infrastructure anomalies), historical data access, and dedicated account management. Target 100 enterprise customers at $200K average = $20M ARR. Tier 2 - Developer API Platform (25% of revenue, 90% gross margin): Usage-based pricing for third-party developers and smaller businesses. $0.10 per API call for imagery access, $0.50 per AI inference (crop classification, change detection, object recognition). Freemium model with 1,000 free API calls per month, then pay-as-you-go. Target 5,000 active developers generating $8M ARR (average $1,600 per developer annually). Distribute via Alibaba Cloud Marketplace and Tencent Cloud to leverage their enterprise sales channels. Tier 3 - Government Data Partnerships (15% of revenue, 95% gross margin): Strategic contracts with central government ministries for national-scale monitoring programs. Examples: Ministry of Agriculture for national crop yield forecasting ($2M annual contract), Ministry of Emergency Management for disaster response ($3M annual contract), Ministry of Natural Resources for land use monitoring ($2M annual contract). These contracts provide regulatory protection, anchor revenue, and access to ground truth data for model training. Target $6M ARR from 3-5 government partnerships. Total blended revenue at scale: $34M ARR with 88% gross margin. Customer acquisition cost: $50K (6-month sales cycle, field sales team). LTV:CAC ratio of 8:1 (assuming 4-year customer retention). The key insight: satellites are a one-time $5M capex per unit with $250K annual opex, but each satellite supports $3-5M in software revenue annually. After initial constellation deployment ($40M capex for 8 satellites), incremental revenue growth requires only software development and sales investment, creating software-like economics on top of aerospace infrastructure. This inverts SpaceTy's model—instead of selling launches (low margin, high COGS), we sell intelligence (high margin, near-zero marginal cost) and use commercial launch providers to avoid capital intensity.

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